{"id":2874,"date":"2020-07-24T14:23:27","date_gmt":"2020-07-24T13:23:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/?page_id=2874"},"modified":"2025-12-19T08:04:49","modified_gmt":"2025-12-19T07:04:49","slug":"delusions-vs-paranoia-is-there-a-difference","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/delusions-vs-paranoia-is-there-a-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"Blodnje in sumni\u010davost: ali obstaja razlika?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-inpage-nav-rea-inpage-nav-block rea-inpage-nav-block front has-margin\"><div class=\"rea-inpage-nav-block__image\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/preprod-schizophrenia-life.amarone.hu\/javno\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/wooden.png)\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"inpage-nav-background\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/preprod-schizophrenia-life.amarone.hu\/javno\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/wooden.png\"><\/div><div class=\"rea-inpage-nav-block__content\"><div class=\"rea-inpage-nav-block__content--wrapper\"><div class=\"text-wrapper\"><h2 class=\"inpage-nav-title\">Blodnje in sumni\u010davost: ali obstaja razlika?<\/h2><ul class=\"inpage-nav-list\"><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"section-nav\"><h4 class=\"section-nav--title\">V tem razdelku<\/h4><div class=\"section-nav--nav-items js-inpage-nav-items\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\">Sumni\u010davost in blodnje sta izraza, ki se uporabljata v psihiatriji, pri du\u0161evnih motnjah pa se pogosto prepletata. Preganjalne misli in blodnje se lahko pojavijo pri razli\u010dnih psihiatri\u010dnih motnjah, vklju\u010dno s shizofrenijo in manijo, pa tudi pri depresiji, zlorabi substanc ali demenci. Shizofrenija je pogosto povezana z blodnjami in sumni\u010davostjo. Pravzaprav se najpogostej\u0161a oblika shizofrenije imenuje paranoidna shizofrenija<sup>1<\/sup>, blodnje pa so pogosti simptomi shizofrenije.<sup>1<\/sup><br>\u00a0<br>Pogovorno se ta dva izraza pogosto uporabljata kot sinonima. \u0160tevilnim uporabnikom definiciji teh dveh izrazov nista popolnoma jasni, vendar se oba izraza pogosto uporabljata zlasti za izra\u017eanje jeze zaradi vedenja druge osebe: \u00bbPopolnoma si zblojen!\u00ab ali \u00bbTi si popolnoma paranoi\u010den!\u00ab Toda kaj ta dva izraza v resnici pomenita? In kak\u0161na je razlika med njima?<br><br><br><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-title-rea-title-block rea-title-block front\"><div class=\"rea-title-block__content\"><h3 id=\"strongblodnjestrong\" class=\"content-title \"><strong>BLODNJE<\/strong><\/h3><h4 class=\"content-subtitle rea-hidden\"><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\">Blodnje je mogo\u010de definirati kot \u00bbo\u010ditno zmotne miselne konstrukcije oziroma miselne vsebine, nastale na bolezenski osnovi, ki jih ni mogo\u010de spremeniti ne glede na dokaze, ki govorijo nasprotno\u00ab.<sup>2<\/sup> Z drugimi besedami \u2013 oseba z blodnjami ni pripravljena spremeniti prepri\u010danja, ki ga ima o ne\u010dem, tudi \u010de obstajajo dokazi, da je njegovo\/njeno prepri\u010danje popolnoma napa\u010dno in neutemeljeno.\u00a0 Tukaj je za ilustracijo nekaj primerov<sup>2<\/sup> razli\u010dnih vrst blodenj:<br><br>\u00a0<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-list-rea-list-block rea-list-block front\"><div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\"><div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n            <p>Preganjalne blodnje (najpogostej\u0161e), also known as paranoid delusions<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje osebe, da ji bo posameznik, organizacija ali druga skupina \u0161kodoval in\/ali jo nadlegoval<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Nana\u0161alne blodnje (tudi pogoste)<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje, da so dolo\u010deni komentarji, geste, okoljski znaki itd. usmerjeni proti njemu samemu<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Hipohondri\u010dne blodnje<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">osredoto\u010denost na skrbi glede zdravja in delovanja organov<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Veli\u010dinske blodnje<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje, da je oseba slavna, ima bogastvo, izjemne sposobnosti<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Eroti\u010dne blodnje<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">posameznik verjame, da je druga oseba (navadno z vi\u0161jega dru\u017ebenega polo\u017eaja) zaljubljena vanj<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Nihilisti\u010dne blodnje<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">posameznik je prepri\u010dan, da se bo zgodila velika katastrofa oziroma propad<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\"><br><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-illustration-rea-illustration-block rea-illustration-block front\"><img class=\"illustration-bg\" alt=\"\"><div class=\"rea-illustration-block__content\"><div class=\"rea-illustration-block__image image-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/LR002-Inside-article-image.jpg\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"illustration center\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/LR002-Inside-article-image.jpg\" style=\"max-width: 80%\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rea-mobile illustration-mobile\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/LR002-Inside-article-image.jpg\"><\/a><\/div><p class=\"rea-site__caption caption-text align-center\"><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\">Blodnje veljajo za <strong>bizarne<\/strong>, \u00bb\u010de so o\u010ditno neverjetne in nerazumljive vrstnikom iz iste kulture ter ne izhajajo iz obi\u010dajnih \u017eivljenjskih izku\u0161enj.\u00ab<sup>2<\/sup> Na primer oseba, ki verjame, da je zunanja sila odstranila njegove\/njene notranje organe in jih nadomestila z organi nekoga drugega, ne da bi pri tem pustila kakr\u0161ne koli rane ali brazgotine, <strong>ima bizarne<\/strong> blodnje.\u00a0 Po drugi strani pa je primer nebizarne blodnje prepri\u010danje, da je nekdo pod nadzorom policije kljub pomanjkanju prepri\u010dljivih dokazov.\u00a0 Blodnje obi\u010dajno veljajo za bizarne, \u010de izra\u017eajo izgubo nadzora nad umom ali telesom.\u00a0 Spodaj je nekaj primerov:<sup>2<\/sup><br><br><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-list-rea-list-block rea-list-block front\">\n    <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n            <p>Jemanje (odtegovanje) misli<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje, da neka zunanja sila \u00bbodstranjuje\u00ab njegove misli<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Vstavljanje misli<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje, da so mu bile vstavljene tuje misli<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <p>Blodnje nadzorovanja oziroma vplivanja<\/p>\n            <div class=\"rea-list-block__wrapper\" style=\"margin: -1em 7.27% -1em 3.27%\">\n                <div class=\"list-unordered list\">\n                    <p style=\"list-style: circle\">prepri\u010danje, da neka zunanja sila manipulira z njegovim telesom ali dejanji<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\"><br>V\u010dasih je te\u017eko razlikovati med blodnjo in trdnim prepri\u010danjem.<sup>2<\/sup> To je lahko odvisno od tega, kako trdno je prepri\u010danje, \u010deprav obstajajo zelo jasni\/razumni nasprotni dokazi o njegovi resni\u010dnosti.<br><br><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-title-rea-title-block rea-title-block front\"><div class=\"rea-title-block__content\"><h3 id=\"sumniavost\" class=\"content-title \">SUMNI\u010cAVOST<\/h3><h4 class=\"content-subtitle rea-hidden\"><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\">Sumni\u010davost (lai\u010dno imenovano tudi &#8220;paranoi\u010dnost&#8221; ali &#8220;paranoja&#8221;) lahko definiramo kot \u00bbneutemeljeno ali pretirano nezaupljivost do drugih\u00ab.<sup>3<\/sup> Posamezniki nenehno sumijo v motive tistih okoli sebe in verjamejo, da jih dolo\u010deni posamezniki ali ljudje na splo\u0161no \u00bbsku\u0161ajo prevarati ali jim \u0161kodovati\u00ab.<sup>3<\/sup> Sumni\u010davost ni neobi\u010dajna in se lahko pojavi pri vseh ljudeh na dolo\u010deni to\u010dki njihovega \u017eivljenja. Pomislite na primer na to, da hodite domov v temi in se ob vas po\u010dasi pelje avto ali da ljudje \u0161epetajo in vas gledajo, medtem ko hodite mimo. V tak\u0161nih primerih ni nenavadno, da pomislite, da bi vam ljudje morda \u017eeleli \u0161kodovati, \u010deprav se na koncu ne zgodi ni\u010d.<br><br><br>Sumni\u010davost postane problemati\u010dna \u0161ele, ko dose\u017ee klini\u010dne, blodnjave razse\u017enosti. V tak\u0161nih primerih, kot je opisano zgoraj, oseba postane nepripravljena sprejeti o\u010ditne dokaze, ki so v nasprotju z njenim trdnim prepri\u010danjem. Nato sumni\u010davost preraste v preganjalno blodnjo, v kateri se nekdo po\u010duti, kot da mu druga oseba ali skupina\/organizacija \u017eeli \u0161kodovati.<sup>1<\/sup> Druge blodnje, kot so nihilisti\u010dne blodnje, jemanje ali vstavljanje misli, blodnje nadzorovanja, lahko prav tako poslab\u0161ajo sumni\u010davost in s tem preganjalno blodnjo. Nadalje, halucinacije, ki so \u00bb\u010dutne zaznave (vid, dotik, zvok, vonj ali okus), ki nimajo podlage v zunanjem dra\u017eljaju\u00ab,<br><sup>1<\/sup> lahko prav tako vodijo v preganjalne blodnje.\u00a0 Oseba do\u017eivlja halucinacije kot povsem resni\u010dne zaznave, in lahko postane prestra\u0161ena, \u010de verjame, da te halucinacije prihajajo od sovra\u017enih ljudi.<br><br><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-title-rea-title-block rea-title-block front\"><div class=\"rea-title-block__content\"><h3 id=\"sklepi\" class=\"content-title \">SKLEPI<\/h3><h4 class=\"content-subtitle rea-hidden\"><\/h4><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-paragraph-rea-paragraph-block rea-paragraph-block front\"><div class=\"rea-paragraph-block__content\"><p class=\"content-text\">\u010ce povzamemo, so lahko blodnje in sumni\u010davost med seboj tesno povezane. Poenostavljeno povedano \u2013 sumni\u010davost je neutemeljen ali pretiran strah pred drugimi, ki lahko preraste v blodnjo, \u010de tega strahu ni mogo\u010de spremeniti niti ob trdnih dokazih, v tem primeru pa preraste v preganjalno blodnjo. Zato lahko tudi sumni\u010davost (\u010de je huj\u0161a) obravnavamo kot eno vrsto (ali predstopnjo) blodenj, medtem ko so blodnje ve\u010dja skupina. Blodnje se lahko pojavijo brez predhodnih znakov sumni\u010davosti, velja pa tudi obratno.\u00a0 Tako blodnje kot sumni\u010davost se lahko razlikujejo po resnosti, in \u010de so huj\u0161e, lahko povzro\u010dijo iz\u010drpavajo\u010de du\u0161evne motnje.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-references-rea-references-block rea-references-block front\"><div class=\"rea-references-block__references\"><p class=\"references-title\">Viri<\/p><ol class=\"references-list\"><li>WHO. <em>ICD-10 Version: 2019<\/em>. (2019).<\/li><li>DSM V.  <em>American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.<\/em> (2013).<\/li><li>The Free Dictionary by Farlex. <a href=\"https:\/\/medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">https:\/\/medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com\/<\/a>.<\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rea-title-rea-title-block rea-title-block front rea-share-block\" style=\"margin-bottom:30px;text-align:center;\">\n\t\t<div class=\"\">\n\t\t\t<span style=\"display:block;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:20px;\">Share<\/span>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\" class=\"facebook-share\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;url=https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\" class=\"linkedin-share\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jemanje (odtegovanje) misli prepri\u010danje, da neka zunanja sila \u00bbodstranjuje\u00ab njegove misli Vstavljanje misli prepri\u010danje, da so mu bile vstavljene tuje misli Blodnje nadzorovanja oziroma vplivanja prepri\u010danje, da neka zunanja sila manipulira z njegovim telesom ali dejanji Share<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2884,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-fullwidth.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rea_page_title_signed_in_meta_block_field":"Blodnje in sumni\u010davost: ali obstaja razlika?","rea_page_title_signed_out_meta_block_field":"Blodnje in sumni\u010davost: ali obstaja razlika?","rea_page_description_signed_in_meta_block_field":"Paranoia and delusions are terms that are used in psychiatry, and the two are often intertwined in mental health illnesses.","rea_page_description_signed_out_meta_block_field":"Paranoia and delusions are terms that are used in psychiatry, and the two are often intertwined in mental health illnesses.","rea_page_footer_id_meta_block_field":"","rea_page_footer_date_meta_block_field":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2874","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2874"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3480,"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2874\/revisions\/3480"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shizofrenija.si\/javno\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}